Francis Wyatt

Sir Francis Wyatt (1588–1644) was the first English royal governor of Virginia. He sailed for America on August 1, 1621 on board the George. He became governor shortly after his arrival in October, taking with him the first written constitution for an English colony. Also sailing with him on this voyage was his second cousin Henry Fleete Sr., who helped found colonies in both Virginia and Maryland. In 1622 he rallied the defense of Jamestown which was attacked by Native Americans, during which the lives of some 400 settlers were lost and he then oversaw the contraction of the colony from scattered outposts into a defensive core.^[1]

Wyatt was from Boxley Manor in Kent and attended St Mary Hall, Oxford, (from July 1, 1603) and Grey's Inn (1604). He was knighted July 7, 1618 at Windsor.^[2]

Wyatt was governor of Virginia from November 1621. Virginia became a royal colony in 1624, but Sir Francis, at the request of the crown, remained on as governor until September 18, 1625, when Sir George Yeardley, whom he had succeeded, resumed the office. In 1624, Wyatt resided in Jamestown with his wife, his brother Haute, and seventeen servants. In 1625, he received a black servant girl after a court settlement from her previous employer.^[3] After leaving office, he left Virginia for the Ireland and England to settle his father's estate. He was appointed governor again in 1639, sailing from England to take up his post. He served from November 1639 until February 1641 and was then succeeded by Sir William Berkeley. He arranged the purchase of the home of the previous governor to use as the first designated "state house" of the colony, the government previously having met in the church.^[4]

Wyatt returned to England after his second term as governor and died in Boxley. He was buried there on August 24, 1644.

Sir Francis Wyatt organized the General Assembly which had been called in 1619. This was the first legislative body in America. Sir Francis caused its privileges to be embodied in a written constitution, the first of its kind in the New World.

Family

Francis Wyatt's grandfather was Thomas Wyatt the younger who had led Wyatt's rebellion trying to replace Queen Mary with Elizabeth and his great-grandfather Thomas Wyatt was briefly imprisoned in the Tower of London for his alleged relationship with Anne Boleyn.

Sir Francis's wife was named Margaret; she was the niece of George Sandys, the Treasurer of Jamestown. Francis and Margaret had children including Henry and Francis who was at King's College, Cambridge, 1639.

Although Sir Francis left no direct descendants in what would later become the United States of America, his brother, the Reverend Haute Wyatt who had arrived in Virginia with Francis, is considered the common ancestor to those who claim kinship to the pre-1700 Wyatt family in the Americas.

References

1. ^ "“to quitt many of our Plantacons and to vnite more neerely together in fewer places the better for to Strengthen and Defende ourselve.", Gov. Francis Wyatt, quoted in At the Edge of the Precipice: Frontier Ventures, Jamestown’s Hinterland, and the Archaeology of 44JC802, Seth Mallios, APVA Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities July 2000
2. ^ [The Virginia magazine of history and biography, Volume 3 By Virginia Historical Society, p. 177, 1895
3. ^ A Study of the Africans and African Americans on Jamestown Island and at Green Spring, 1619-1803, Martha W. McCartney, 2003
4. ^ STATEHOUSES AT JAMESTOWN, Virtual Jamestown